When attitudes and habits don’t correspond: Self-control depletion increases persuasion but not behavior
Abstract
Changing attitudes does not necessarily involve the same psychological processes as changing behavior, yet
social psychology is only just beginning to identify the different mechanisms involved. We contribute to this
understanding by showing that the moderators of attitude change are not necessarily the moderators of behavior
change. The results of three studies (Ns = 98, 104, 137) employing an ego depletion manipulation indicate that
although people are more likely to agree with a persuasive message when executive control is reduced they are
not more likely to change their behavior. Rather, under conditions of ego depletion, attitudes became less correlated with behaviors after persuasion. Moreover, in Study 3, we provide an explanation for this phenom-
enon: People are more likely to agree with a persuasive message when depleted but are also more likely to fall back on habits that may conflict with their new evaluations. A mini meta-analysis of the data indicated that ego-
depletion had a medium effect size on the difference between attitude change and behavior change, N = 339, d = −0.51, 95% CI [−0.72, −0.29]. Jointly, these studies suggest an integrative, resource-based explanation
to attitude-behavior discrepancies subsequent to persuasion.
The Listening Circle: A Simple Tool to Enhance Listening and Reduce Extremism Among Employees
Guy Itzchakov, Avraham N. Kluger
Listening
An employee’s listening ability has implications for the effectiveness of the work team, the organization, and for the employee’s own success. Estimates of the frequency of listening suggest that workers spend about 30% of their communication time listening. However, the ability to listen might be even more important to managers, as empirical evidence suggest that they spent more than 60% of their time listening. Hence, the success of both the employee and the manager in communication, and thus in the organization, rests in part on possessing good listening abilities.
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Social-based learning and leadership in school: conflict management training for holistic, relational conflict resolution
Eli Vinokur, Avinoam Yomtovian, Marva Shalev Marom, Guy Itzchakov and Liat Baron
Listening
Navigating conflicts is crucial for promoting positive relationships between
pupils, teachers, and parents. The objective of this paper is to present Social-
Based Learning and Leadership (SBL), an innovative approach to group dynamics
and conflict resolution within the school setting, aiming to foster meaningful
relationships and personal and social growth. The methods of SBL focus on
group evolution by navigating conflicts rooted in higher needs while balancing
the interplay of separation and connection. It proactively embeds prosocial
values and conduct into the school culture, with teachers prioritizing the
wellbeing of others, fostering shared problem-solving, and positive feedback
amid conflicts. Teachers acquire tools to transform the classroom into a “social
laboratory” and constructmeaningful partnerships with parents. Practical conflict
management within the SBL framework involves dynamic group discussions,
shifting fromother blaming to accountability, and reflective group introspection.
Experiential learning through crafted case studies and role-plays enhances
students’ conflict management skills by fostering perspective-taking and
inclusiveness.We conducted a qualitative case study in an SBL training in a school
from 2020 to 2023. These conflict management processes allow the school
community to reimagine conflict as an invaluable educational opportunity,
equipping pupils with essential soft skills for navigating the challenges of the
21st century.
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